![]() ![]() Specific objectives, conclusions, and recommendations Session 1. General objectiveĪnalyze the epidemiology of Chagas disease and formulate the major lines of future work to maintain the progress achieved and tackle the problems yet to be solved in the current situation, trends, and circumstances. The objectives, conclusions, and recommendations of that meeting are presented below. The purpose of the meeting was to create an entity that would bring together the various actors-including government representatives from endemic countries civil society organizations working in endemic areas affected people and/or representatives from communities at risk for the infection national and international institutions actively engaged in fighting the endemic disease academic and research institutions with knowledge, experience, and an understanding of the situation in the Americas bilateral and multilateral institutions and the private sector-to participate in a strategic review and discussion of all matters relevant to the surveillance, detection, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, control, and elimination of Chagas disease in the countries of the Americas. In this context, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)-aware of its responsibility to adapt to the ever-changing economic and social situation in the countries as reflected by changes in the health structures and epidemiological profiles of diseases-recognizes that the dynamics of Chagas disease have changed since prevention and control activities were first implemented in the Americas in 1991.Īccordingly, PAHO recently held a meeting to examine all aspects of what has already been done, as well as the current and future challenges in the approach to Chagas disease, resulting in the adoption of a public health vision and establishing the service objective of finding alternative solutions to the current health problems associated with this endemic disease. cruzi infection through the creation of sub-regional initiatives for Chagas control and the action taken by countries to control vector and transfusion transmission of the parasite, this is a good time to utilize these platforms and introduce new objectives, considering the advances in the different fields of biomedicine. Given the success in reducing the incidence of T. This progress is attributed mainly to improvements in the quality of life of populations, the progress made by national Chagas and/or vector control programs, the intensification of blood bank screening and detection activities, and medical care for managing morbidity and mortality in some countries. Despite the complexity of the epidemiological scenario and the enormous challenges entailed in collecting data on this subject, a substantial decline in the incidence and prevalence of the infection has been observed in recent decades. The geography of Chagas disease endemicity includes 21 countries ranging in latitude from 40° N (southern United States) to 45° S (southern Argentina and Chile). The new epidemiological landscape also includes episodes of oral transmission, mainly in the Amazon basin, which have not yet been adequately characterized. ![]() It is important to point out that the migration of rural populations to cities in recent years, even outside Latin America have "urbanized" congenital and transfusion transmission, altering the epidemiology of the disease. They are responsible for concentrating the burden of disease in rural communities, whose socioenvironmental contexts foster and perpetuate its existence. cruzi), which circulates among insect vectors of the subfamily Triatominae ( Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and some 120 species of mammals, including humans, reflecting its zoonotic nature and representing diverse and complex transmission cycles in sylvatic and domestic environments.ĭomiciliary triatomines, efficient exploiters of ecotopes found primarily in and around substandard rural dwellings (and to a lesser extent, peri-urban and urban structures), are the main vectors for the transmission of T. ![]() Press release Context and purpose of the meetingĬhagas disease is caused by infection with the flagellated protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi (T. ![]()
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